In May of 2022, parents living in the United States (U.S.) experienced a significant infant formula shortage with national out-of-stock rates of up to 74% for the week ending in May 28, 2022. Longstanding Contributing Factors:few U.S. formula producers, U.S. trade policy and high tariff rates, Infant formula rebate contracts used by the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Woman Infant Children(WIC).