Table 1: Lentiginoses: differential diagnosis and main clinical manifestations

Disease

Clinical Manifestations

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Lentigines, hamartomatous gastrointestinal polyps, gastrointestinal and non gastrointestinal cancer

Normal variant

Only lentigines

Carney complex

Lentigines, myxomas, schwannomas, pituitary adenoma, Sertoli cell tumors, endocrine overactivity

Leopard syndrome

Lentigines, abnormalities of genitalia, ocular hypertelorism, deafness, electrocardiographic conduction abnormalities, retardation of growth.

Laugier-Hunziker syndrome

Lentigines, other pigmented lesions

Bannayan-Ruvalcaba-Riley sybdrome

Lentigines (penis), macrocephaly, mental retardation

Arterial dissections and lentiginosis syndrome

Lentigines, dissecting aneurysms, connective tissue defects